Regina Sharmila Dass is an Associate Professor of Microbiology at Pondicherry University, a government institution in India. With 15 years of experience, she is actively involved as a trainer (having trained over 10,000 farmers and agriculturists) and consultant in BD agriculture, both in India and abroad. She has presented research papers on BD agriculture in Switzerland, New York, the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) in New Delhi, and the Philippines. Currently, she is studying microbiological parameters in BD and non-BD soils from various agroecological zones in India.

David Martin grew up in the USA, France, and England. He is a pediatrician, pediatric endocrinologist, oncologist, diabetologist, and hematologist. He has received several awards for his research in growth, skeletal development, diabetology, and endocrinology. After serving as Professor of Child and Youth Medicine at Tübingen University, he is now a Professor and the holder of the Gerhard-Kienle Chair of Medical Theory, Integrative and Anthroposophic Medicine, and Director of the Institute of Integrative Medicine at the University of Witten/Herdecke, Germany. He founded the Medical-Agricultural Study Year (MeLaS) and is actively exploring how medicine and farming can work more synergistically for the health of all.

Cyrille Rigolot is a researcher at the French National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food, and the Environment (INRAE) in Clermont-Ferrand, France. Trained as a livestock farming system scientist, he has developed a passion for transdisciplinary knowledge co-production with farmers and sustainability transformations. Biodynamic farming became a case study, a research partner, and ultimately a major source of inspiration. Future research topics include the concept of the farm organism, respectful management practices with animals, and the key role of intuition in decision-making.

Eduardo Rincón is a biodynamic farmer, biologist, teacher, and artist. He graduated as a tropical plant biologist and later obtained a Master of Fine Arts degree based on his work with Goethean phenomenology, merging science and art. Early in his career, Eduardo began studying anthroposophy and biodynamic agriculture, which led him to work with Waldorf schools on the agriculture curriculum. He also initiated La Huerta de Vinci, a project dedicated to the production of medicinal plants and education in biodynamic agriculture, and co-founded the Biodynamic Association of Mexico. For many years, he has fused his personal research in biodynamic agriculture and plant biology with art projects, including contemporary art installations, painting, and sculpture. He lived and worked in San Miguel de Allende, Mexico, where he founded an anthroposophy and biodynamic learning center and productive ranch. Since August 2024, he has resided in Switzerland, where he became the co-leader of the Agriculture Section at the Goetheanum.

Ms. Binita Shah is an Organic/Biodynamic Farmer, Social Entrepreneur, and Agriculture Development Professional. She founded SARG India, a non-profit organization, and SUPA Biotech P Ltd to promote organic and biodynamic agriculture. She played a key role in shaping Uttarakhand's Organic Agriculture Policy in 2002 and led the Organic Commodity Board from 2003 to 2015. Her work has impacted over 100,000 farmers across India, particularly in Vidarbha, Maharashtra, where biodynamic farming provided hope to struggling farmers. SARG India has facilitated 1.5 million composts, while SUPA Biotech P Ltd produces biodynamic preparations and markets organic products under the HOI (Himalayan Organic India) brand. Ms. Binita is recognized internationally for her expertise in biodynamic preparations, agriculture extension, agroecology, and sustainable livelihoods. She holds key positions as a board member of PDKV Jaivik Kheti Mission in Maharashtra, an independent director at The Nainital Bank, a member and secretary of the Sustainable Development Forum Uttarakhand, and a member and treasurer of the Integrated Mountain Initiative.

Julia Wright is an Associate Professor at the Centre for Agroecology, Water and Resilience, Coventry University, UK. She has a professional background in international participatory development, with a focus on organic and ecological farming and food systems across a range of countries, cultures, institutions, and agroecosystems. Over the last decade, she has co-developed a new academic discipline called Subtle Agroecologies, which explores the supersensible dimensions of farming and nature relationships from a trans- and multidisciplinary perspective. This field draws on vibrational-energetic aspects of quantum sciences, consciousness, neo-indigenous studies, and embodied practices and methodologies. Julia has previously served as Chair of the Council of the UK Biodynamic Association and currently supervises doctoral studies, largely focusing on the social aspects of biodynamic farming.

Sara Donají González Herrera

Farmers worldwide are facing increasing challenges in sustaining their livelihoods. Many struggle with financial instability, lack of government support, and market pressures. Protests, suicides, and corruption cases highlight the urgency of addressing social welfare in agriculture. Biodynamic farming emphasizes holistic sustainability but lacks sufficient research on its social and economic impacts. This dialogue aims to raise awareness and integrate social aspects into biodynamic research. Participants will discuss how biodynamic farms contribute to human well-being and community cohesion. Key questions will explore farmers' experiences, financial sustainability, and social recognition. The session will encourage knowledge exchange and idea generation. The goal is to create a foundation for future research on social welfare in biodynamic farming. By fostering dialogue, the biodynamic movement can strengthen its role as a socially responsible practice.

Jasmin Peschke

This workshop offers a possibility to experience qualities of plants, fragrances or food by smelling resp. tasting the sample and painting a picture with pastel chalks without reflecting or thinking too much about it. In the pictures qualities are expressed by the choice of the colors and by the pattern that shows as an artistic expression. Several samples will be smelled resp. tasted and painted.

With Fragrance and Aroma painting the smelling resp. tasting of (a part of) a plant, food or any other sample is transformed it into a picture. This means a sense perception is transformed into an imagination with full consciousness, experiencing the etheric qualities of substances by using art as a tool.

 The method is developed by Torsten Arncken, researcher of the Natural Science Section at the Goetheanum and published with Jasmin Peschke as co-author here and also in the Trainers' Handbook of BFDI.

Walter Goldstein

Biodynamic breeding can enhance plant capacities for coevolution with microbiomes. This presentation explores a 37-year biodynamic maize breeding program that uses a partnership-style, "learning from the plants" approach. Landraces are crossed with commercial varieties, and selected for  vigor, nutrient efficiency, and grain quality under nitrogen-limited, biodynamic conditions. Resulting varieties accumulate higher mineral levels and superior grain proteins. They  are competitive in yield and with weeds and need less or no fertilizer. These varieties foster bacterial endophytes that multiply in vegetative and reproductive parts,  supplying and cycling nutrients through rhizophagy and inducing systemic resistance to stress and disease. Findings parallel Rudolf Steiner’s insights on plant genetic stability and elements.

Alex Edleson

Training and research are two complementary processes—research expands the boundaries of understanding, while training consolidates knowledge. However, in biodynamic education, training itself must involve research, as self-knowledge and working with higher worlds require an ongoing investigative process. Similarly, participatory research, particularly in agriculture, benefits from farmer involvement, but researchers must define parameters to ensure meaningful results. This interplay between curiosity and structure creates both challenges and opportunities.  

A biodynamic seed production and plant breeding training program in Argentina integrates this philosophy by teaching students to observe plants goetheanistically and conduct collaborative on-farm trials. These trials empower farmers to innovate while developing a shared vocabulary for systematic learning. The workshop aims to facilitate an exchange between trainers and researchers, discussing the transformation of education and research. Activities include eurythmy exercises, discussions in a world café format, and a forum for sharing insights on balancing exploration and structured inquiry.

Vivian Griffiths and Chloe Hindmarsh

This workshop explores the historical consciousness of biodynamics in the UK through storytelling and archival research. It follows a journey undertaken in July 2024 by Vivian Griffiths and Dr. John Paull, retracing a 1935 "Pilgrimage" by Barbara Saunders-Davies and Ehrenfried Pfeiffer across South-West Wales to North-East England. Using creative methodologies, the workshop highlights letters from Pfeiffer to Davies discussing "The Cradle of British Biodynamics," which are planned for preservation at the Sunfield Library. Participants will engage in a narrative inquiry into the early years of biodynamic agriculture in the UK, considering Pfeiffer’s pioneering contributions and the role of historical archives in shaping the present and future of biodynamics. The session encourages reflection, discussion, and inspiration for further research in this field.

Sophie Allain

This workshop explores the anthropological dimensions of the Goethean Method, building on Rudolf Steiner’s and Henri Bortoft’s ideas. While the Goethean Method has been acknowledged for its holistic approach, little attention has been paid to its potential impact on human-environment interactions, particularly in farming. 

The workshop will integrate Tim Ingold’s views on “the perception of the environment” and “the pedagogy of attention” to investigate how the method can transform the way people perceive and engage with their surroundings, especially in biodynamic farming practices. 

Steiner critiqued the natural sciences of his time for their inability to address the Living and proposed Goethe’s worldview as the foundation for a new, Living-adapted epistemology. This new approach aimed to bridge the gap between concept and idea, challenging reductionism. Bortoft later expanded on Goethe’s consciousness, arguing it could form the basis for a new science of nature that emphasizes deepened perception. 

The Goethean Method, which fosters holistic awareness, requires practitioners to experience their environment as a “whole-organism-in-its-environment,” engaging with the world in a process of revelation. This perspective encourages practitioners to develop a new way of being alive to the world through heightened sensory awareness. 

The workshop will explore how these principles manifest in biodynamic farming, supporting theoretical insights with empirical research conducted in French Goethean Method training sessions. The aim is to show how this method can change perceptions and interactions in farming, providing a transformative approach to subsistence and environmental engagement.

Sophie Allain, Jean-Michel Florin, Cyrille Rigolot

This workshop explores the role of consciousness-based practices in biodynamics, a field where such topics have received little attention due to the constraints of Western academic research, which often separates nature and culture and adheres to positivist epistemologies. 

The workshop proposes that addressing consciousness in biodynamics is crucial and can offer a holistic perspective to enhance both theoretical reflections and practical applications, fostering dialogue with other regenerative farming approaches. It centers on the Living and Commons Institute for conscious peasant agroecology and food, the French hub of the Conscious Food Systems Alliance (COFSA) convened by UNDP. 

We aim to address consciousness issues through three interconnected areas: facilitating conscious practices at individual and collective levels, supporting training and method development, and conducting exploratory research on different types of Living consciousness. 

The workshop will explore how biodynamics, particularly through perception methods like the Goethean and Dorian Schmidt methods, can contribute to the institute's work and how it can benefit from other perspectives, such as animal communication.

Participants are invited to discuss their own ideas on consciousness-based practices and how to bridge research, training, and support in this growing community of practice.

Charlotte Aichholz

This workshop focuses on fluorescence excitation spectroscopy (FAS) as a tool to assess plant vitality in biodynamic agriculture and breeding. The method is applied to sweet corn varieties to analyze fluorescence decay patterns, which are linked to plant activity, dormancy, and food quality. Key findings demonstrate correlations between fluorescence decay, ripeness, and dormancy, providing valuable insights into plant development and breeding. 

The workshop includes an introduction to light-induced delayed fluorescence and FAS, followed by a presentation of findings from sweet corn variety analysis. In the discussion session, participants will explore how FAS can improve quality assessment in sweet corn selection, compare quality and FAS measurements between conventional and biodynamic breeding methods, and provide feedback for improving the methodology. The goal is to refine FAS as a tool for enhancing plant vitality analysis in biodynamic practices.

Christina Henatsch

This workshop explores the use of the "Stegemann-Mantram" in transforming farm practices, plant care, and plant breeding. Rudolf Steiner's agricultural course suggests a new approach to working with plants by drawing "out of the spiritual" realm, and he provided Günther Stegemann with a mantram to guide the development of wild plants into cultivated ones. Over the years, breeders associated with "Kultursaat" have applied this mantram during the breeding process, achieving transformative, resonant effects on plant growth and vitality. The workshop will introduce this approach, discussing its aims: to support plant breeding and growth processes, and to encourage a "real thought" (as opposed to genetic thinking) in understanding and nurturing the plant being. The session includes a meditation on the different parts of the mantram, demonstrating how it can be used as a service for the cultural plant, enhancing its development and care through word meditation and forming forces methods.

Stewart Lundy

This workshop introduces soil chromatography as a method for visualizing the invisible dynamics at work in soil samples. Unlike traditional scientific analysis, chromatography focuses on aesthetic perception rather than purely quantifiable data. It can be easily done at home and is affordable for most people. The resulting images, called "chromas," provide insights into soil organic matter, enzyme diversity, and overall soil integration. Some practitioners also interpret these images for signs of etheric vitality and astral energy. Learning to "read" these pictures is akin to developing an artistic or musical skill, requiring practice and cultivating an inner aesthetic eye. Participants will engage in a hands-on demonstration of Pfeiffer Circular Chromatography, explore various chromatograms, and discuss their observations with others.

Juan Martín Richter, Christina Henatsch

This workshop focuses on formative forces, which are the invisible forces acting within the etheric realm that shape and define life. As farmers and food producers, we constantly interact with these forces, transforming and enhancing them in our efforts to create a harmonious relationship with nature and the food we cultivate. These forces deeply influence the quality of our food, our lives, and the land, though they are not perceptible through the senses. Through imaginative observation and practice, we can learn to perceive and understand these forces, opening up a new language with practical applications in agriculture, food processing, and life itself. The workshop aims to introduce a method for observing and describing formative forces, share research findings, and offer an experiential learning opportunity for participants. It will provide a space for active exchange between those with and without experience in this area. Participants will engage in exercises to enhance their observational skills and actively observe formative forces through food and drink tastings.

Simon Charter, Philip Kilner, Liesl Haesbroek, Michael Monzies

This workshop is inspired by Theodor Schwenk's "Sensitive Chaos", which suggests that a phenomenological study of water can help transform our thinking to better understand what is alive. The focus is on reflective observation and interactive research with flowing water on a clay surface. The session will involve small group experiments using a long sloping trestle table and hand pumps to create steady water flows over clay, observing and reflecting on the external changes and internal experiences. A sequential questioning process will guide participants through their observations, and findings will be shared and conceptually explored, particularly around archetypal gestures. After initial observations, participants will transform the surface and observe the resulting changes in the water flow, again using the questioning process. If the group is interested, the conditions for resonant flow patterns—rare in nature—can be explored. The workshop will conclude with a collective reflective process. Additionally, it may be recorded through photos, videos, and written responses if resources allow. This work is part of a broader water schooling program developed by the Foundation for Water.

Christopher Brock, Meike Oltmanns, Jürgen Fritz

This workshop focuses on developing more robust research on the effects of biodynamic preparations, moving beyond explorative studies to establish well-founded hypotheses and appropriate analytical approaches.

The session begins with two introductory presentations: one on the results of a new metastudy of scientific papers on preparation effects, and the other on hypotheses-based research in preparation effects. 

Participants will then break into small groups to elaborate hypotheses about the effects of preparations on soils, plants, and health, followed by a plenary discussion to present, revise, and refine the results. 

In the next phase, groups will identify potential impact factors, with their findings presented and discussed in the plenary. Subsequently, groups will specify appropriate analytical approaches based on earlier discussions, again refining the results in the plenary. 

The workshop will conclude with an evaluation of the findings and a specification of next steps, aiming to develop a comprehensive concept for effective preparation research.

Ed Berger

The workshop aims to help participants deepen their connection to the plant realm by focusing on a specific place and rhythm of practice. Participants will explore a rhythmical "tacking" between direct plant experiences and Steiner’s ideas, emphasizing the process of engagement rather than the drawing outcome. The approach is phenomenological, informed by Goethean practices, and rooted in arts-based methods.

This workshop is led by a biodynamic farmer who practices nature journaling to deepen his relationship with plants. Each week, he takes early morning walks in the woods with his dogs, sketching plants with a simple approach. Sometimes, he focuses on a single plant over weeks or months, while other times, he explores various aspects like leaves, growth habits, or flowering. His practice is informed by Rudolf Steiner’s perspectives on plants, particularly from the Agriculture Course, as well as other lectures and research. 

Dominique Massenot

In this workshop, we will explore a study that builds on Lily Kolisko's work and investigates the use of homeopathic sprayings to strengthen crops against climate events and diseases, even within biodynamics. We will examine how different levels of potentialization are tested using sensitive crystallization, specifically with copper chloride, which doesn't react directly with pure water or homeopathic dilutions. Through the use of a test plant, we can observe significant responses during the crystallization process. The study is ongoing, and we will discuss its potential applications in crop management, particularly for improving plant health and resilience.

Lara Herrlich, Christian Herzig

This workshop addresses the challenges faced by young people in the agricultural sector, particularly those interested in sustainable biodynamic farming, amidst an aging farming population in the EU and GB. With most farmers over 45, many struggle to find successors, and the future of farms remains uncertain. The workshop aims to explore how young people perceive their future in sustainable agriculture, especially in light of ongoing crises. Through key questions, the first part of the workshop will focus on the participants' views on the main issues in the current agricultural and food systems. The second part will explore future perspectives, hopes, and wishes, followed by a discussion on what is needed to shape a better future. The workshop will include a mix of participants from diverse professional backgrounds and will be supported by one to three mentors available to assist with questions.

Martin Timmermann, Florian Leiber, Yvette Wohlfahrt

This workshop explores the concept of Qualitative Nature Research (QNR) in contrast to traditional quantitative-statistical approaches in organic and biodynamic agricultural research. While conventional research tends to treat agricultural objects (such as animals or plants) as passive elements in a controlled experiment, QNR focuses on these objects as living beings, offering a deeper, phenomenological understanding of their nature. 

The workshop will include several short contributions and discussions on how qualitative research can complement quantitative methods in ecological and biodynamic farming. Dr. Martin Timmermann will introduce the methodology of QNR, Dr. Florian Leiber will present an example of qualitative research with cows, and Dr. Yvette Wohlfahrt will discuss quantitative research approaches from the perspective of grapevines. The session will emphasize the importance of integrating qualitative questions and methods into agricultural research.

Lisa Winchester

This workshop explores how spiritual insights related to movement influence both gardeners and plants throughout the seasonal year. By observing the etheric forces at work, participants will deepen their understanding of how these forces affect plant growth and the health of the gardener.

The workshop aims to develop awareness of the four ethers (warmth, light, chemical, and life forces) and their impact on both humans and plants. Activities include a group exploration of the ether concept, observational exercises based on Rudolf Steiner's teachings about the four-fold human being, and movement exercises to experience the ethers at work. 

Participants will observe plants to understand the role and action of each ether, and will explore the aesthetic and health-promoting effects of working with spiritual insights in the garden.

Jean-Michel Florin, Maja Kolar

This workshop focuses on reconnecting with the living forms around us through an active, experiential approach to understanding plant life. It combines scientific knowledge with the beauty of the creative process, enabling participants to experience plants as both archetypal and ever-evolving. 

The workshop introduces Goethean phenomenology, which emphasizes a more holistic practice of science that incorporates experience, feeling, and active will as key components of understanding nature. 

Participants will observe and interact with various medicinal plants, describing their environment, growth forms, and plant organs (roots, stems, leaves, flowers, seeds). They will explore the plants by drawing, smelling, and tasting the different parts, focusing on sensory experiences and details. The aim is to deepen participants' connection with the plants through heightened awareness and observation.

Kate Heming Panchal, Katrina Wolff

This interactive workshop explores the Quick Return Compost Method developed by Maye Bruce, focusing on floral activator recipes and early observations from ongoing studies. Designed for smallholders, urban gardeners, and anyone interested in composting without animal manure, it provides hands-on guidance for creating high-quality compost in just six to eight weeks. Participants will prepare a floral activator together, learning how to ferment it using simple ingredients.  

The workshop also serves as an open forum for collaboration, inviting researchers and participants worldwide to contribute insights on refining the method, exploring scientific validation (e.g., soil microscopy, chromatography), and considering ethical implications, such as the use of indigenous plants. Key discussions will address the potential of composting to mitigate odor issues, making it more viable for urban environments, restaurants, schools, and even mortality composting.  

By fostering a global study group, this workshop continues Maye Bruce’s legacy, encouraging innovative, community-driven composting solutions while deepening our understanding of soil regeneration.

Michael Fleck, Kathrin Neubeck, Carl Vollenweider, Rocío Lanthier

We address the growing threats to seed supplies due to monopolization, new genetic technologies, and market pressures favoring F1 hybrids. 

Participants will explore why F1 hybrids are incompatible with biodynamic plant breeding principles, drawing from both theoretical insights and practical experiences. Alternative breeding approaches will be introduced, including innovative methods for open-pollinating varieties and new concepts that integrate breeding, conservation, cultivation, and marketing. 

Through roundtable discussions and subgroup work, participants will identify key advantages and challenges of these alternatives, considering aspects such as genetic diversity, market viability, and climate resilience. 

The workshop aims to reinvigorate research interest and encourage new developments in biodynamic plant breeding.

Thangapandian Dhanikodi, Anthoniselvi Savarimuthu

This workshop explores a research-driven agribusiness model that connects Biodynamic agriculture graduates with small farmers to create a sustainable rural economy. It addresses the challenges small farmers face due to the Green Revolution and the limitations of government schemes like Farmer Producer Companies. The session will begin with a poster presentation narrating the evolution of agriculture, the impact of the Green Revolution, and the benefits of Biodynamic farming, along with an introduction to the proposed agribusiness model. Storytelling through folk music and dance will provide an engaging and participatory way to connect with the audience. Participants will then take part in small group discussions to share their insights and experiences. The workshop will conclude with a summary of key points, a presentation of findings, and the development of action plans to strengthen and scale the model in different parts of the Global South.

Lucas Contarato Pilon, Thacya Clédina da Silva Pilon, José Miguel Reichert

This session on Pfeiffer Circular Chromatography (PCC) aims to initiate dialogue and generate new strategies for integrating this method into biodynamic agriculture. By reflecting on the method's development, based on Pfeiffer's approach, which emphasizes that "the whole is more than the sum of its parts," the workshop will explore several key questions. These include whether PCC is primarily for scientific or practical use, the current advancements in research, and its potential for guiding decisions on soil management, agroecosystems, and the farm organism. Through discussion, the workshop seeks to generate contributions, identify challenges, and clarify the method's role in biodynamic agriculture.

Anthony Mecca

This workshop explores how spiritual science and Goethean approaches view human beings as active participants in research, emphasizing the importance of community relationships. It examines how creative work in social life can help generate new questions, motivations, and research methods. The focus is on bridging researchers, farms, and communities to create practical, collaborative research practices. The workshop will discuss the interplay of healthy communities and landscapes, offering examples of how different community sizes and scales have worked together in research. Participants will also have space to share their own experiences, explore the qualities of community processes, and practice methods to enhance human relationships within research. The aim is to inspire new approaches to integrating community dynamics in research efforts.

Anthony Mecca

The workshop explores the connection between soil, farm health, and human health, drawing from Steiner's work on nutrition, agriculture, and medicine.

It begins with an exploration of nutrition, starting in small groups and then collectively. Ideas from Steiner’s nutrition teachings will be discussed, and participants will generate open questions for contemplative inquiry. 

Each participant will focus on one idea, engaging in an artistic exercise to deepen their connection with it beyond intellectual understanding. 

The workshop will then consider the potential of these ideas in the world, encouraging participants to reflect on their individual relationship with them. The session concludes with sharing insights and personal journaling for further reflection.

Raymond Auerbach, Liesl Haasbroek

Description follows.

Erik W. Baars

Anthroposophy is not widely accepted as a (spiritual) science by many scientists. Anthroposophic fields such as medicine, agriculture, and natural science are often regarded as unscientific and are therefore not widely accepted or funded. This is due to the incompatibility of anthroposophy with the dominant modern scientific worldview, which is mechanistic, materialistic, and reductionist. However, the mechanistic worldview is itself a theory that must be scientifically tested for its validity in terms of (1) internal consistency, (2) agreement with tested theories, and (3) agreement with empirical facts.

In this project, I work on building an overview of scientifically tested theories and observed facts from the last 100 years that demonstrate the scientific limitations of the modern worldview. This research highlights the need for a transition from the modern worldview to an integrative anthroposophic worldview. Additionally, a network of scientists working in anthroposophic and conventional scientific fields is being built to develop strategies that support this transition.

Benjamin Epler

Potentized biodynamic preparations have existed since 1923. Rudolf Steiner developed initial test designs with Lily Kolisko, who continued this research for over 30 years, publishing results in Agriculture of the Tomorrow. After her death, the preparations were largely forgotten. Since 2010, Benjamin Epler has revisited her work, replicating experiments. From 2017, he investigated their effects in public research institutes, later collaborating with Demeter im Norden (2020) and Forschungsring (2022). Results from both past and recent studies highlight the significant impact of potentized preparations in agriculture, horticulture, and vegetable growing.

Evelyn Iglesias

This study analyzes the formative forces recorded through Pfeiffer chromatography and horizontal dynamolysis in soils, composts, and food production in Northern Patagonia, Argentina. Based on the BD calendar, samples were taken before and after applying BD Preparations, considering lunar phases and Christian festivities. Results show that cosmic forces influence soils in winter, and intentional applications, especially during festivities, leave detectable imprints. Findings include chromatograms from Río Negro and Neuquén farmers, highlighting the connection between biodynamic practices, environmental response, and the reality of farmers' work.

Christian Herzig

The study examines how new calculative practices for sustainable agriculture are actively developed by people. It centers on a research project involving three biodynamic farms. The study clarifies the motivations of the actors involved in the development process and improves our understanding of key factors relevant to the development and implementation of new calculative practices for sustainability.

Michael Monzies, Simon Charter

We describe collated experiences of various uses of water dynamisation in agriculture. We will share a picture of water as a mediator between organisms—and between them and the peripheral forces—as a unifier of the agricultural organism. A conceptual picture of water flow is presented, based on both phenomenology and projective geometry. We discuss how this may relate to water as a sensitive medium in the life sphere and to the dynamisation process.

Amel Benzid

Our study of Solenostemma argel from Hoggar focuses on three aspects: anatomical, phytoecological, and biochemical. Anatomical analysis reveals remarkable drought adaptations (thick cuticle 10-25µm, stomatal index 38%, anomocytic perigynous stomata). Phytoecological studies identify five distinct plant groupings based on altitude and soil characteristics. Biochemical analyses demonstrate the agricultural potential of aqueous extracts, completely inhibiting the germination of Orobanche crenata and partially inhibiting Cuscuta campestris (30%), while also showing effectiveness against three strains of phytopathogenic Fusarium.

Sherif Sanjaq

This study evaluates the sustainability and economic viability of conventional, organic, and biodynamic olive farming systems in Egypt’s Sinai Peninsula. Based on data from nine farms under similar conditions, it uses the SAFA framework, Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA), and True Cost Accounting (TCA) to examine environmental, social, and economic performance. Carbon credits are considered within the CBA to assess financial feasibility, while TCA helps uncover hidden externalities. The research highlights trade-offs and synergies across systems and aims to support informed decision-making among farmers, policymakers, agribusinesses, and others working toward sustainable agriculture in line with Egypt’s Vision 2030 and the SDGs.

Monika Rzeczycka, Agata Świerzowska

This presentation explores the transfer and transformation of the biodynamic idea in Poland between 1924 and 1939. It begins with the practical application of this concept by Stanisław Karłowski (1879–1939), who ran a model biodynamic farm in Szelejewo (Greater Poland). The discussion then moves to the dissemination of the idea through Karłowski’s journal Biologia a życie [Biology and Life] and its continuation in the works of Adam Wodziczka (1887–1948), a professor of biology, botanist, and pioneer of nature conservation. The presentation also examines the transfer of this idea into the realm of art through the work of Franciszek Siedlecki (1876–1934), an artist involved in the construction of the first Goetheanum, who created advertisements for agricultural products from the farm in Szelejewo.

David Váquez

This research focuses on a comparative study of two Macadamia farming models: a biodynamic agriculture farm versus a monoculture farm. In both farms, blocks and randomly sectorized plots were established in Quindío, Colombia. An evaluation of weed biodiversity was conducted, relating richness and abundance to soil quality by considering produced biomass, root development, bulk density, and infiltration rate. The results showed that the biodynamic agriculture farm had a significantly higher number of weed species, with 42 species compared to only five species found on the conventional farm. The species richness and weed abundance contribute to soil protection, soil quality improvement, and maintaining biological diversity.

Lucas Contarato Pilon, Thacya Clédina da Silva Pilon, Marconi Silva Alves, José Miguel Reichert

This study evaluates an innovative weed management and soil cover approach in black pepper crops using eucalyptus bark. Conducted on a certified organic farm in Linhares, Brazil, two treatments were tested: (a) applying 50 liters of eucalyptus bark in a 300 mm radius around the plant stem, and (b) applying 170 liters of bark to cover the entire crop line. Results demonstrate effective soil coverage, protection, and weed suppression for approximately six months, with full-line coverage offering additional agronomic benefits.

Lara Herrlich, Christian Herzig

Fair pricing is a crucial issue in agricultural markets, including biodynamic agriculture. Rudolf Steiner emphasized the importance of fair prices within his concept of associative economics. This study links research on associative economics with biodynamic agriculture through a systematic literature review, focusing on pricing mechanisms. The goal is to provide insights into current research and identify gaps for future study. The research is ongoing.

Valentina Canuti

This study evaluates the effects of different production methods on the quality and carbon footprint of Chianti DOCG wines from the 2016 and 2017 harvests. Chemical, polyphenolic, and volatile composition analyses were conducted, along with sensory evaluations and CO₂ emissions estimations. Findings indicate that organic and biodynamic wines exhibit lower CO₂ emissions; however, no significant differences in quality were observed based on production methods. The study concludes that reducing carbon footprint does not negatively impact wine quality or typicality.

Karlotta Koch, Corinna Nieland, Schirin Oeding, Claudia Bieling, Christopher Brock

The control-oriented procedure for organic farming association certification has been repeatedly criticized by Demeter farmers. In response, a development-oriented procedure was tested from 2018 to 2024 by the Demeter Association in Germany. This study evaluates its suitability as an alternative certification procedure. Results indicate that the development-oriented approach CAN offer added value for farmers in farm and product development while ensuring compliance with guidelines. The procedure was also found acceptable to consumers, suggesting its potential as an alternative to conventional certification.

Matthew Adams

This contribution aims to explore methods for measuring food quality in relation to human and planetary health. We are engaging food citizens in the UK and India through comparative taste testing panels to identify high- and low-quality crops. Samples from each category are tested for nutrient composition and soil health indicators. Additionally, clinical trials assess the impact of different food qualities on human and planetary health.This is an early-stage project beginning in March 2025. The study tests the hypothesis that "Humans have an innate ability to detect healthy, nutritious food that supports ecosystem health."

Gaby Mergardt

The joint project EATMORE examines the quality of five organically bred seed-resistant carrot varieties compared to a conventional hybrid over a two-year field trial and three years of large-scale practical cultivation. Various testing methods were applied, including sensory evaluation, copper chloride crystallization, and the Empathic Food Test. While all genotypes performed equally in terms of nutrient content, sensory and crystallization tests revealed statistically significant differences between carrot varieties across test years, allowing for the creation of distinct variety profiles.

Ollo Elijah

The application of biodynamic preparations (BD) as an organic amendment has been reported to positively affect crop development, health, resilience to environmental stress, and yield. While most studies focus on plant physiology, few have examined BD effects on soil and plant microbiomes. Recent research has shown that BD application increases the abundance of plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) in soil. Initial cultivation analysis of BD 500 used on wheat revealed high bacterial concentrations, including Pseudomonas, Janthinobacterium, Bacillus, and Achromobacter, all known for their plant growth-promoting properties.

The study investigates whether BD applications introduce beneficial bacteria into agricultural systems and enhance root colonization by these microbes. Understanding these mechanisms can help explain observed improvements in plant health and productivity.

Yvette Wohlfahrt, Lukas Kämmerer, Mathias Scheidweiler, Georg Meißner, Johanna Döring

Since 2006, a long-term field trial in Germany has compared integrated, organic, and biodynamic viticulture to assess their effects on Vitis vinifera (Riesling) production. The study examines plant development, pest resistance, soil quality, and grape and wine characteristics.

Results indicate that organic and biodynamic systems enhance soil quality while reducing grape yield and vegetative growth. Additionally, biodynamic management promotes favorable grape morphology and product quality, despite minimal differences in total soluble solids, pH, or acidity.

A parallel trial explores the effects of BD preparation 501 (horn silica), applied at different growth stages. Results suggest that varying 501 application times significantly influence vine growth and juice quality, highlighting the role of biodynamic preparations in viticulture.

Meike Oltmanns, Alain Moraut, Christopher Brock

The demand for robust scientific evidence on biodynamic preparations (BDPs) is growing, but the heterogeneity of existing data limits broad conclusions. This study conducted an arm-based network meta-analysis of all available scientific literature on BDPs. For parameters with sufficient data—such as yield—the analysis demonstrated a statistically significant, though modest, increase.

By applying rigorous methodological standards, this meta-analysis provides a strong scientific basis for evaluating BDP efficacy and offers reliable insights into their agricultural impact.

Jasmin Peschke

Food systems are defined as all elements and actions serving the nutrition of the people. There are interconnections between the elements, but in general, the human being, that is nourished and is the subject to be served, is not part of it. In developing the system to an organism, the properties of the living can be detected, and man is the central actor. His skills are essential for the success and welfare of all elements and for the transformation of the food system. A contribution to a sustainable development.

Rubens Fey

Globally, vineyards face significant challenges due to climate change, and biodynamic practices offer promising solutions for mitigating climate-related stressors. In 2017, an on-farm experiment was established at Château Lafite Rothschild, France, to assess the impact of biodynamic preparations on soil and plant properties.

Preliminary results indicate that biodynamic soils exhibit higher respiration rates in response to low molecular weight organic substances (in 14 out of 17 tested substrates). Additionally, the catabolic response to sugar supplementation suggests a greater availability of carbon for the microbial community in biodynamic soils.

Stewart Lundy

We have been exploring the influence of small doses of biodynamic preparations on samples of soil, compost, and other substrates in order to demonstrate patterns that may arise.

Heberto Rodas-Gaitan

An on-vineyard research project was conducted to assess the effect of biodynamic preparations (BD) on microbial functional diversity (MSIR) and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). 

The results showed that vineyards with BD improved soil quality, with higher soil organic carbon, nitrogen, and microbial biomass carbon levels. The MSIR approach clearly separated the treatments without and with BD. The study also revealed that BD increased the production of EPS, a key component of soil structure. Particularly, the increase in EPS-carbohydrate production in vineyards with BD was linked to improved soil chemical and biological properties.

Simon Reakes

In this presentation, I revisit the concept of the spirit of place and argue for an expanded paradigm within the field. I examine recent developments that categorize the spirit of place into tangible and intangible aspects—an approach that, while providing a useful framework, reveals limitations when critically assessed, particularly regarding its metaphysical dimensions.

By presenting examples of metaphysical definitions that fall outside the tangible and intangible categories, I challenge the current understanding of the spirit of place. From this critique, I propose an expanded paradigm that reconceptualizes the spirit of place to integrally include not only the tangible and intangible but also the suprasensible. I argue that without acknowledging the suprasensible, any study of the spirit of place remains incomplete.

Having established the validity of the suprasensible in this conceptual framework, I also advocate for a return to phenomenological language—an approach that lives with and dwells in the spirit of place. Building on this linguistic reorientation, I propose transposing the three established categories (tangible, intangible, and suprasensible) into the phenomenological language of earth, human, and sky.

Christina Henatsch

Water-soaked seeds from various species were exposed to different environmental stimuli, including gestures, tones, and meditation, to examine their effects on phenotype and taste.

In lettuce, the treatments influenced the formation of lettuce heads, with these effects persisting through seven successive generations without additional intervention.

In green beans, both phenotype and Brix content were affected, with the changes continuing in subsequent generations.

In dandelion, after two generations, variations emerged in the phenotype and taste of roots, leaves, and flowers.

Potatoes and tomatoes exhibited profound changes in their formative forces and growth patterns.

Additionally, sensitive copper crystallization and drop-picture analysis revealed consistent differences between treatments. Research into formative forces indicated an expansion and/or transformation of gesture, contributing to increased wholesomeness in digestion.

Anet Spengler, Jolanda Gämperli, Samuel Bähler, Lin Bautze, Nicolas Galeazzi

In his Agriculture Course (1924), Rudolf Steiner frequently used the term individuality to describe the farm as a holistic organism. To help farmers deepen their understanding of their farm’s unique individuality, Biodynamic Training Switzerland, in collaboration with FiBL, initiated a participatory action research project involving 51 farmers across 39 farms.

As part of the project, the team developed a calendar-like research diary containing inspirational prompts, observation questions, and calls to action. Farmers are encouraged to document their personal observations and experiences, dedicating at least one hour per week to their diary over the course of a year.

Jana Bundschuh, Tabea Meischner, Ulrich Hampl, Mirko Lunau, Christopher Brock

In recent years Europe has been facing a growing separation and labour division between farmers and beekeepers, although agriculture and apiculture remain directly interrelated. In order to re-establish an emotional connection between farmers and the insect world, we applied the concept of Farmer Field Schools to the training of farmers in ‘Farmer Bee Schools’ (FBS). In regular meetings over three years on host farms, 12 participants in two regional groups learned about a new field (apiculture) and discussed the integration of insects into the farm organism. Accompanying research analyzed under which conditions active beekeeping is feasible on modern organic farms and if the participation in the FBS influences farm management decisions. Methods included repeated semi- structured interviews with participants, questionnaires for FBS facilitators and participatory observation. Results of this project show that all participants successfully established healthy honeybee colonies despite some particular challenges (social, personal and organizational framework conditions). Through the eye- opening contact with the bees, supported by laboratory tests of honey and wax, the farmers experienced that even diverse organic farms are currently not providing sufficient resources to support honey bee colonies. FBS participation changed the perception of the landscape. The floral resources on farms were assessed more and more realistically. The implementation of biodiversity measures and related plans for the future increased during the project duration. We discuss farm beekeeping as a distinguished form of beekeeping, located in between professional apiculture and amateur beekeeping. FBS are a suitable tool to establish an emotional bond between farmers and the insect world.

Sophie Allain

While the Goethean Method has been considered as the most interesting starting point to design a new Living-adapted epistemology by Rudolf Steiner and while Henri Bortoft stressed its holistic dimension little attention has been paid to its anthropological dimensions. what may the Goethean Method change for human beings in their interactions with their environment for their activities of subsistence procurement and concretely here for farming. We will build on Tim Ingold views about “the perception of the environment” and “the pedagogy of attention” to make some steps in this direction relying on empirical investigation conducted in French training sessions to the Goethean Method in biodynamic farms.

Claudia Scherr, Greta Guglielmetti, Mirio Grazi, Hartmut Ramm, Stephan Baumgartner, Alexander Tournier

Designing good experiments for basic research is a challenge, especially when subtile effects on living organisms are investigated like in biodynamic research. In the field of complementary and integrative medicine, scientific guidelines for preclinical research on potentised substances (PrePoP guidelines) have been published by Tournier et al. (2024). As an example of how these research guidelines can be applied in BD research, we present our research project which investigates possible influences of BD preparations (500P and 501) administered at a specific cosmic constellation (the opposition of Moon and Mars, MoM) on oak seedlings. The design of our research project was supported by the transdisciplinary application of the recommendations and considerations collected in the scientific PrePoP guidelines especially regarding controls, blinding and randomization.

Alessandro Piccolo, Vincenza Cozzolino, Mariavittoria Verrillo

Soil microbial communities are essential for plant growth but are often depleted by human activities. Biodynamic preparations (BP) 502-507 are thought to enhance compost humification, yet there is limited scientific evidence confirming their effectiveness. This study examined the impact of BP on microbial proliferation during composting, comparing them with horn-manure (BP 500) and coffee residues. Results showed that all BP significantly increased microbial activity, particularly benefiting species like *Ureibacillus terrenus* and *Geobacillus thermodenitrificans*. Specific combinations of BP, such as BP 506 (Dandelion) with BP 502 (Yarrow) or BP 505 (Oak Bark), led to even higher microbial proliferation. A ternary mixture of BP 506, 502, and 505 achieved the greatest microbial increase, suggesting a strong synergy. The findings support the role of BP in accelerating compost transformation into humified matter, reinforcing its potential benefit in biodynamic agriculture.

Jean Foyer

"Les êtres de la vigne" is based on a six-year ethnographic study (2014–2020) with biodynamic winegrowers in Anjou. The book explores the politics and ontologies of biodynamics, examining how it shapes relationships with nature. It highlights how biodynamic practices create new connections with living beings and revive forms of spirituality intertwined with ecology. The concept of "reanimating the world" is central, blending both vitalist and spiritual perspectives. Published by Wildproject, a leading French publisher specializing in ecology, the book offers a deep insight into the intersection of biodynamics, philosophy, and environmental thought.

Jaspal Singh Chattha 

Punjab, with its rich agricultural history, became the center of the Green Revolution in the 1960s, achieving food security through monocropping, chemical inputs, and mechanization. However, this intensive farming led to severe ecological damage, including soil degradation, groundwater depletion, and biodiversity loss. In response, biodynamic farming was introduced at JP Organic Farm in Jalandhar in 2004 to restore soil health and ecological balance. Biodynamic practices, such as green manuring, BD 500 and 501 applications, mulching, and crop diversification, were implemented in alignment with the biodynamic planting calendar. These methods proved highly effective in reviving soil biology and fertility, creating a synergistic ecosystem where diverse life forms could thrive together. Over time, the farm witnessed the return of over 50 bird species, increased pollinators, and improved soil vitality, leading to a 50% reduction in ploughing and irrigation. This transformation demonstrated that what was lost in 50 years of chemical-intensive agriculture could be restored within just five years, reinforcing the principle that nutrition begins with healthy soil.

Berni Courts

Recent research on the history of biodynamic practice in the UK has identified seven key streams, including its role in therapeutic education. At Ruskin Mill Trust, biodynamic farms serve as central learning environments for students with special educational needs (SEN), where trained educators integrate biodynamic principles into their teaching. Research conducted at Coventry University and Ruskin Mill Trust highlights how SEN learners experience personal growth through engagement with biodynamic ecology, as reflected in qualitative testimonies and outcome space analysis. A master’s module on biodynamic ecology was developed to train educational leaders, revealing a transformative impact on their understanding of pedagogy and purpose. Key themes emerging from the research include nature connectedness, eco-literacy, and holistic nutrition, all contributing to behavioral change and well-being. The study suggests that biodynamic ecology fosters relational ontologies, allowing learners to reimagine their potential beyond societal limitations. This educational model presents a unique approach that integrates cognitive, social, and cultural development through engagement with biodynamic agricultural practices.

Martin Timmermann

Qualitative nature research (QNR) is essential for a modern organic agricultural science that views nature as a living entity. Current quantitative methods in natural sciences are insufficient for this task, necessitating the integration of qualitative empirical approaches. Just as qualitative social research is standard in social sciences, qualitative nature research should be a fundamental part of agricultural and natural sciences education. Drawing from the clarity developed in social research, QNR can complement or collaborate with quantitative methods to enrich scientific understanding. It provides a methodological foundation for existing and emerging qualitative research styles without getting lost in theoretical discourse. Incorporating QNR into science education will enhance its acceptance and application, fostering a more holistic approach to studying nature.

Walter Goldstein

This presentation explores a 37-year maize breeding program that emphasizes plant-microbial coevolution using a partnership-style, "learning from the plants" approach. Selection focused on vigor, nutrient efficiency, and grain nutrition under nitrogen-limited, biodynamic conditions. By crossing landraces with commercial varieties, the program produced maize that is competitive in yield while accumulating higher mineral levels and superior grain proteins. These plants exhibit extensive microbial colonization, with bacteria engaging in rhizophagy, recycling nutrients within the plant. The findings align with Rudolf Steiner’s insights on genetic stability and nutrient interactions in plant health. The presentation will cover yields, weed interactions, microbiome composition, microbial evolution, and the influence of biodynamic herbal preparations.

Ricardo Pereira

A PhD jointly funded by Ruskin Mill Trust and Coventry University’s Centre for Agroecology, Water and Resilience examines Temple Wilton Community Farm (TWCF), a pioneering Community-Supported Agriculture (CSA) initiative in New Hampshire, USA. This CSA integrates biodynamic principles, non-market land stewardship, and reflexive leadership structures to uphold ecological viability and foster a cohesive community. Drawing on four years of qualitative data—including ethnographic fieldwork, interviews, participant observation, and document analysis—the research explores how anthroposophical values, charismatic leadership, and evolving member dynamics shape TWCF’s trust-based approach to agriculture.

Jenifer Wohlers

This presentation explores the unique role of horn-bearing cows in biodynamic farming, focusing on the physiological and qualitative aspects of their milk. While horns are often linked to thermoregulation, their broader impact on the cow's overall integrity—including metabolic, physiological, and even psychological factors like consciousness and well-being—is less understood.  

The review synthesizes research using diverse investigative methods, such as fatty acid composition analysis, metabolite pattern assessment, delayed fluorescence, CuCl crystallization, and physiological parameters like heat dissipation and heart rate. By integrating multiple approaches, a more comprehensive perspective on the role of horns in the cow’s organism emerges.  

The discussion will address two key directions:  

1. Expanding research methodologies, including Bildekräfteforschung (formative forces), to deepen understanding from a holistic, anthroposophic perspective.  

2. Addressing the challenge of individual variability among cows and its implications for both future research and farming practices.  

The study is in preparation for publication (expected summer 2025), and ideas for further research collaborations are welcomed.

Johannes Fahrentrapp, Eva Wohlleben

This study explores reported changes in element concentrations in plants, fungi, and bacteria over the past century. The phenomenon of so-called biological transmutation remains scientifically unresolved, as its mechanisms do not align with established physical models. To investigate this further, we measured potential differences in element concentrations during the growth phases of living organisms. Our findings suggest that elemental changes may indeed occur in fungi and plants, highlighting the need for further research into this intriguing and poorly understood process.

Thangapandian Dhanikodi, Anthoniselvi Savarimuthu

This study investigates the impact of biodynamic farming on the nutritional quality of tomatoes (*Solanum lycopersicum*) compared to conventionally grown counterparts. Using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), the research identifies bioactive compounds in biodynamic tomatoes with significant pharmacological benefits. Results reveal that biodynamically grown tomatoes contain a higher abundance of secondary metabolites, including antioxidants and compounds with anticancer and therapeutic properties. The study highlights the role of biodynamic preparations (BD500, BD501, and CPP) in enhancing soil fertility, microbial activity, and nutrient bioavailability. Unlike conventional methods that degrade soil health with synthetic inputs, biodynamic farming fosters a balanced ecosystem that supports plant vitality and human nutrition. Findings validate Dr. Rudolf Steiner’s principles, demonstrating that biodynamic methods can produce nutrient-dense, toxin-free food while promoting sustainable agriculture. Future research could explore biodynamic practices across diverse crops and agro-climatic conditions, further substantiating their role in improving food security and public health.

Julia Wright

Sustainable farming requires a multidisciplinary approach, where knowledge flows between farmers, researchers, advisors, and communities. The Agricultural Knowledge System (AKS) framework helps identify these knowledge sources and interactions, yet it largely overlooks nature as an active participant in knowledge generation. This paper explores the idea that farmers and those closely working with the land may engage in subtle dialogue with the "hidden half of nature"—a source of knowledge beyond conventional science. Drawing from ecological knowledge systems, phenomenology, and interspecies communication, the study examines evidence supporting an expanded AKS model that includes intuitive and direct knowing from nature. The research questions focus on identifying evidence of human-other-than-human communication in agriculture and assessing reliable, accessible methods for studying this phenomenon. If deeper attunement to nature’s sentience shifts human worldviews and behaviors, integrating nature’s voice in agricultural decision-making could transform sustainable farming practices at a systemic level.

Leonardo Faedo,  Anezka Marie Sokol, Annekathrin Ücker, Johannes Fahrentrapp, Claudia Scherr, Stephan Baumgartner, Alexander Tournier

Global food systems face mounting agronomic and ecological challenges, necessitating innovative and sustainable approaches to food production. Homeopathy in agriculture has gained traction as an agroecological method aimed at reducing pesticide and synthetic fertilizer use while maintaining crop yields and environmental health. Over the past decade, its adoption has increased among conventional and organic farmers, though systematic research remains limited. A systematic literature review, guided by an international expert panel, analyzed academic sources in five languages using PRISMA guidelines. Preliminary findings suggest that homeopathy may enhance plant biostimulation, resilience, and yield, contributing to sustainable food systems. The study highlights the need to systematize existing research to support farmers and advance scientific understanding. Future work will refine these insights and contribute to the development of practical applications and technical guidelines for agricultural use.

Jürgen Fritz, Marjolein Doesburg-van Kleffens, Jens-Otto Andersen, Carsten Gründemanna

A newly developed Stress Storage Test for cucumbers (Cucumis sativus L.) evaluates post-harvest antimicrobial properties (AMP), color retainment (CRP), and slice healing properties (SHP). This study aimed to assess the test’s effectiveness in distinguishing between conventionally (Conv), organically (Org), and biodynamically (Dyn) grown cucumbers. Conducted across three independent European laboratories with market-sourced samples, the results revealed that Dyn cucumbers consistently exhibited the highest CRP, AMP, and SHP values, followed by Org and Conv cucumbers. In 58–71% of experiments, Dyn samples demonstrated superior stress storage properties compared to Org (25–38%) and Conv (4–8%). While these findings highlight significant differences between cultivation methods, the study acknowledges the influence of transport and storage conditions on market samples. The results cannot be directly correlated with consumer health effects, but they may reinforce consumer perceptions of biodynamic products as more resilient and sustainable. Further research is needed to validate the test’s reproducibility and explore its broader applications.

Meike Grosse, Hans-Martin Krause, Maike Krauss, Paul Mäder, Ralf C. Mueller, Frédéric Perrochet, Sonja Reinhard

The Frick trial, a long-term experiment initiated in 2002 at FiBL, Switzerland, investigates the effects of tillage, fertilization, and biodynamic preparations on soil functionality and crop quality. A follow-up project (2024-2027) focuses on soil microbial functional diversity using high-throughput sequencing and metagenomics. The experiment employs a fully factorial design, separating the effects of biodynamic preparations from fertilization and tillage. Previous research has shown improved soil quality in biodynamic systems, with effects on soil microbial communities and nutrient cycling. Biodynamic preparations may act through non-material forces but also appear to influence soil microbiology. Soil and wheat samples from 2024 are analyzed for organic carbon, pH, minerals, microbial biomass, and enzyme activity. DNA sequencing of soil, manure, and biodynamic preparations allows identification of metabolic pathways related to carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus cycles. Initial findings suggest subtle but measurable effects of biodynamic preparations on microbial diversity and soil health. The study aims to deepen our understanding of how biodynamic management influences long-term soil functionality and wheat quality.

Craig Daniel Leon

The research focuses on cloud forest restoration through agroforestry test plots, aiming to develop replicable systems for recovery in the Andean Amazon and globally. Early findings show that native agroforestry species have low mortality and varied growth rates, while wildlife responses are positive, and water quality is improving. The project uses a biodynamic approach based on Goethe and Steiner’s principles to promote forest recovery and economic sustainability. 

The study critiques current bioeconomy models that prioritize commercial crops like coffee and cacao, which fail to respect wildlife habitats and do not support cloud forest recovery. Cloud forests, now 90% gone, are facing extinction by 2060, and the research suggests that a new food and medicine production paradigm, integrating biodiversity and agroforestry, could restore these ecosystems. 

Data from satellite maps, drone imagery, and monitoring of wildlife and forest growth show that unassisted reforestation is slow and lacks key species. However, assisted reforestation with targeted native species can accelerate recovery while supporting emerging growth and regenerating forgotten food species. 

The research is conducted at Crystal Frog, an ecologically constructed research center in a harsh environment. The center uses sustainable methods, including renewable energy and natural materials, and is dedicated to studying cloud forest recovery. The findings suggest that biodynamic agroforestry systems can restore cloud forests while fostering economic potential through wildlife conservation and the use of culinary and medicinal plants.

Matias Baker

Rudolf Steiner's approach to agricultural research calls for a transformative way of perceiving natural phenomena, inviting practitioners to engage with nature through a deeper, spiritual connection. His work on biodynamic preparations encourages ongoing exploration rather than presenting a final solution. This approach asks practitioners to develop a relationship with the spirit of nature, guided by imagination, analogy, and alchemical processes. The goal is to build an inner connection to the land’s spirit and recognize the role of this relationship in spiritual healing. New preparations may arise from this personal and spiritual interaction with the land, contributing to the healing process. The future of biodynamic research lies in developing research sanctuaries that nurture this spiritual and esoteric exploration, fostering new communities dedicated to these practices.

Jéssica Righi de Oliveira, Rayan Scariot Vargas, Maria Claudia Dussi, Liliana Beatriz Flores, Cecilia Ambort, Jorge Aragón, Juan Martin Richter

This study examines JANUS, a biodynamic farm in Patagonia, Argentina, using the LUME method to evaluate its autonomy in managing soil fertility. The results indicate that JANUS has a higher Soil Quality Index than conventional farming systems, with improved organic matter and microbial diversity. The farm effectively minimizes reliance on external inputs like fertilizers, relying on composting and biodynamic preparations to enhance soil health. This approach contributes to the farm's resilience against environmental and market stresses, making it a more sustainable and self-sufficient system. While challenges remain, such as the initial labor investment and the need for broader knowledge dissemination, the study supports biodynamic farming as a viable model for sustainable, autonomous agricultural systems.

Verónica Argañaraz, Rayan Scariot Vargas, Jéssica Righi de Oliveira, Maria Claudia Dussi, Liliana Beatriz Flores, Cecilia Ambort, Jorge Aragón, Juan Martin Richter 

This study examines the role of Community-Supported Agriculture (CSA) in enhancing the resilience of JANUS, a biodynamic farm in Argentine Patagonia, through the LUME method. It explores how CSA helps farmers adopt preventive and adaptive strategies to address environmental and economic challenges. The findings reveal that CSA strengthens system resilience by promoting biodiversity, ensuring market access, and improving resource management. It also fosters food sovereignty and supports regional identity, demonstrating its importance in building climate-adaptive farms. By stabilizing income through direct consumer relationships, CSA enables long-term biodynamic and agroecological practices, contributing to sustainable rural development and reducing economic vulnerability. The study highlights CSA's potential for climate resilience and local food security.

Rocío Lanthier, Carl Vollenweider, Kathrin Neubeck, José Portela

This study investigates the impact of agroforestry and organic mulching on the productivity of biodynamic garlic cultivation. Twenty garlic varieties were grown with and without hay mulch, in both agroforestry and open-field systems, over two years. The results showed that the use of mulch moderated soil temperature variation and enabled an increase in average bulb weight per plant by 30%, while the agroforestry system also increased bulb weight by 8%. Biodynamic practices and variety diversity may contribute to further yield improvements, . These findings suggest that agroforestry and hay mulching can enhance climate resilience and soil health, benefiting garlic cultivation and offering promising prospects for biodynamic farming.

Eckart Grundmann

This research investigates the effects of eurythmic gestures on plants, based on the hypothesis that the etheric energy of humans can influence the etheric energy of plants. Through specific eurythmic movements, the etheric energy is shaped and directed toward plants, potentially affecting their growth. The study has been ongoing for 25 years, with various experiments showing measurable changes in plant growth, food quality, and water characteristics. Results from laboratory tests, such as those with cress and apples, demonstrate noticeable differences in plant growth and taste, depending on the eurythmic treatment. The effects vary based on the treating individual, time, and specific gestures, emphasizing that each treatment is unique and should be evaluated individually. The goal of the research is to combine artistic input with scientific data to create a comprehensive understanding of these effects. 

Isaac Nunoo

The research discusses critical soil problems such as degradation, erosion, and desertification affecting agricultural productivity globally. It emphasizes that these issues lead to diminished soil quality, reduced crop yields, and economic challenges. Effective soil management practices are proposed as solutions, including the use of organic manure, crop rotation, intercropping, and afforestation. The article advocates for sustainable soil policies and practices to mitigate degradation and ensure food security while enhancing environmental protections.

Khotsofalang Taetso

This project explores the introduction of biodynamic (BD) practices in township-based urban farms in South Africa. It aims to assess the feasibility of BD farming in resource-limited environments through participatory action research. The approach includes farmer training, Goethean observation, and soil monitoring. Since this research is in its early stages, the focus is on the framework, training methods, and preliminary farmer engagement rather than results.

Emiliano Dibella, Juan Martín Richter, Alex Edleson

In this study, we evaluated the vitality of six organic amendments applied to an industrial tomato trial in the province of San Juan, Argentina, using Pfeiffer’s circular chromatography (PCC). The amendment with the highest vitality led to increased yields and better soil fertility parameters, despite having lower amounts of NPK and organic matter according to chemical analyses. The vitality of an amendment enhances the ability to form soil aggregates, improving its physicochemical and biological quality (Restrepo 2020). Therefore, PCC is an important tool for decision-making regarding its use. Further microbiological analysis of amendments and soils is necessary to further these studies.

Agnieszka Rousseau

The goal was to assess the effects of foliar silica applications on the growth of Vitis vinifera L. grapevine throughout the season in field studies. We evaluated the impact of silica on several growth parameters, including net photosynthesis, transpiration, stomatal conductance, and the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). The particles used in the work are unique, prepared by hand using a simple grinding process. This ensures that the resulting particles are of natural origin and vary in shape, form, and size.

Saber Fayez Hendawy

This study explores how biodynamic agriculture in Egypt can enhance sustainability and resilience in the face of climate change. It focuses on integrating agroforestry and mixed farming practices to increase soil fertility, improve crop productivity, and optimize resource use. The research compares different soil management methods, including tillage and cover cropping, under a biodynamic system at Sekem Farm, Egypt. Findings indicate significant improvements in productivity, organic matter content, and economic viability. The study provides insights for stakeholders on adopting sustainable agroforestry practices in Mediterranean climates under climate change pressures.

Corinna Nieland, Schirin Oeding, Karlotta Koch, Pia Kissinger, Alexander Beck, Claudia Bieling, Christopher Brock

This study evaluates an alternative, development-oriented certification approach for agricultural and food production, as tested by Demeter Germany. The research examines the applicability, consumer acceptance, and potential transferability of this recognition procedure as an alternative to conventional organic certification. Findings indicate that such a participatory approach can be used as an alternative to conventional organic association certification and that it shows one way in which a growers' association can integrate socio-economic issues into a participatory certification procedure.

Agnieszka Rousseau

This study examines the effects of biodynamic preparation 501 (silica spray) on Vitis vinifera plants. Conducted by the Nanotechnology Department at AGH University in Cracow, the research aims to determine how preparation 501 influences vine growth, disease resistance, and fruit quality.

Tarek Elsayed

This study explores the application of basalt rock powder to agricultural fields in the Egyptian Western Desert, evaluating its impact on crop productivity and carbon sequestration. Three treatment levels were tested (27%, 5%, and 0% basalt by weight) in combination with compost, applied at rates of 15, 2, or 0 tons basalt/ha per season. Eight crops were studied over a total area of 10 hectares for five months. Results show up to a 10% increase in crop volume, a significant rise in plant growth-promoting bacteria, and basalt dissolution rates of 20-50%, potentially sequestering up to 2 tons of CO2 per hectare during the test period.

Meike Oltmanns

The adoption of drones for applying biodynamic preparations in challenging terrain raises questions about their effectiveness compared to traditional methods. This study compared a blower sprayer and a drone across three farms, analyzing both preparations and spelt grain using copper chloride crystallization. Results indicated higher spelt quality with the blower sprayer, while drone application appeared less effective. Future research should explore potential improvements to drone technology to enhance its efficacy.

Paweł Bietkowski

The true costs of agricultural production extend beyond direct production expenses, encompassing economic, environmental, and social factors. Biodynamic (BD) farms are distinguished by their emphasis on environmental and social contributions, which have measurable value.

This study explores methods for quantifying the environmental and social impact of BD farming. The author will analyze various tools and approaches to assess these contributions and develop a model that enables BD farms to receive financial recognition for the ecological and social services they provide.

Michael Fleck

The effect of various new approaches of seed treatment in biodynamic vegetable breeding with regard to the promotion of ripening ability were investigated and compared over a period of 3 years using a wide range of research investigation methods. All treatments (winter forces, soil shaping, sound, eurythmics or meditation) showed differences to the untreated control. The comparative nature of this experiment allows us to deepen our understanding of treatment effects and enables an initial categorization of the methods used.

Heberto Rodas-Gaitan

A long-term field experiment was conducted at the Wiesengut farm of the University of Bonn in Hennef, Germany, to evaluate the effects of traditionally and biodynamically composted farmyard manure (FYM) on soil physical properties. Established in 1993, the trial included four treatments: (T1) no FYM, (T2) FYM, (T3) FYM with the biodynamic Achillea preparation, and (T4) FYM with all biodynamic compost preparations (BD).

The results indicate that increased water storage capacity, air conductivity, and microaggregate particle size positively impact soil properties, directly enhancing soil quality. These findings align with previous research showing a significant decrease in soil contact angle and a notable increase in rooting and topsoil structure following the application of FYM with all BD preparations.

Johanna Zeise

The vitality and shelf life of vegetables is of great practical importance in food trade. Cultivation methods and fertilisation management can have an impact on food quality. To test the vitality of food and the ability to resist degradation processes, a stress storage test was performed using 564 greenhouse grown cucumber samples (Cucumis sativus L.) of three different cultivation methods with different N fertilisation (Conv 155 N m-2, OrgN- 70 N m-2, BdN+ 122 N m-2). Every cucumber sample was cut by a stainless-steel slicing tool into slices, alternating of 15 and 20mm slice thickness, manually reassembled and wrapped in transparent plastic film. Antimicrobial properties (AMP), colour retainment properties (CRP) and slice healing properties (SHP) were investigated after 14 days of storage in a warming cabinet at 23.5°C. The aim of the study was to test whether a) a significant differentiation is possible between cucumbers from conventional and organic cultivation, and b) four researchers of three different laboratories in Denmark, Poland and Germany come to comparable results when evaluating the same cucumbers in an interlaboratory comparison. 39 of 54 comparisons of organic (OrgN- and/or BdN+) vs. Conv samples resulted in significantly higher values. Conv cucumber samples didn’t yield significantly higher values than BdN+ or OrgN- cucumbers in any comparison. All four researchers from the three laboratories reached consistent results in the evaluation of AMP, CRP and SHP of the cucumbers samples from three different cultivation methods. 

Paula Pihlgren

The research examines the practical knowledge of the gardener, emphasising embodied understanding and the relationship to place. Practical knowledge is difficult to convey in words, which presents both challenges and opportunities in professional education. The study explores how the practical knowledge of the gardener can be made explicit and included in horticultural education.

An exercise will be presented that aims to deepen the understanding of embodied knowledge and place relationship in horticultural education through observation and change of perspective.  More extensive empirical material will be collected in the future so that the exercise can hopefully eventually become a method in gardening education.

Charlotte Southall

In older vineyards copper concentrations from the use of copper-based fungicides can build up in the soil harming soil life and sometimes can cause a problem to local aquatic life due to run off. European law changed in 2019 to greatly reduce the allowed amount of copper-based fungicides used in viticulture and so it is important to find an alternative strategy for the control of downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola) which can otherwise devastate the grape crop. This research is to evaluate the effect of different homeopathic and biodynamic preparations on the resistance of grapevines to downy mildew by measuring the protein and protective enzyme content of the vine leaves before and after treatment.

Ruskin Mill College is the founding college of Ruskin Mill Trust. Located in the Cotswolds, the 140 acre site includes wooded valley, a trout farm, market gardens, sustainably managed woodlands, and biodynamic farm. Nestled in amongst the landscape are craft workshops including pottery, forge, textiles, and woodwork.

Ruskin Mill College

Cost per person: £70.

Departure: 4 September at 10:30 from RAU Campus

His Majesty King Charles III came to Highgrove in 1980, and the house and gardens have since undergone many thoughtful innovations. When His Majesty first arrived, Highgrove possessed little more than a neglected kitchen garden, an overgrown copse, some pastureland and a few hollow oaks.

Today, after the hard work of many people, an interlinked series of gardens now unfolds in a succession of personal and inspiring tableaux, each reflecting HM The King's interests and enthusiasms. Highgrove now welcomes up to 40,000 visitors a year.

Above all, Highgrove is the family home of Their Majesties King Charles III and Queen Camilla.

Highgrove Gardens

Cost per person: £125. An organic lunch is included.

Departure: 4 September at 10:30 from RAU Campus.

Home to the world’s oldest agricultural research station, the Rothamsted site boasts both historic features and world-leading facilities driving sustainable farming research. Starting at the world’s longest running field experiments, which first identified the principles of modern plant nutrition, the tour will include new long-term experiments seeking to establish the basic trade-offs of more regenerative approaches, GM and GE field trials, in-field plant phenotyping and the trap network for the national insect survey. 

Also included will be a look at new hi-tech approaches to agricultural field experimentation and lab analysis, and a visit to the historic sample archive, home to a third of a million soil and plant acquisitions. 

Cost per person: £110.

Departure: 4 September at 10:30 from RAU Campus.

The Tablehurst and Plaw Hatch Community Farm Limited (The Coop) was born out of a group of dedicated individuals with a clear vision, a keen interest in biodynamic farming and boundless love for their local community. Since 1995, the Coop has become the owner of two thriving, award-winning biodynamic farm businesses farming land owned by St Anthony’s Trust in and arounfd the charming village of Forest Row, East Sussex. All trips to include a delicious lunch at Tablehurst Farm. 

You can opt for: 

1. A day visit returning to RAU including lunch at Tablehurst Farm. Cost per person: £120.

2. A day visit with onward travel to London Airports – tranfers to be arranged. Cost per person: £70.

3. Overnight at Emerson College after the farm visit, accomodation, dinner bed and breakfast at Emerson College. Cost per person: £210.

For those not wishing to return to RAU, transfers can be arranged at cost to London via East Grinstead Railway Station and to all the main London airports.

Tablehurst and Plaw Hatch

Emerson College

A pilgrimage to some of the ancient sites of the Avebury complex, visiting the henge, standing stones, West Kennet Avenue and Long Barrow. Learning some of the archaeology, folklore and more. Gaining an understanding of Neolithic Britain, the first farmers and the way they monumentally changed the landscape around them, aligned to the stations of the sun, the mansions of the moon and the ever-changing seasons. 

Chris Park lives on an organic farm in the Vale of the White Horse, Oxfordshire. His work is wide and varied, from arts and craft, ancient technologies and educational projects to eco-building, professional storytelling, folk music and raising the awareness of the heritage of beekeeping. He is a beekeeper, skep-maker, apitherapist and a practicing Druid and celebrant, immersed and versed in the lore and mythology of these sacred isles.

Cost per person: £130.

Departure: 4 September at 10:30 from RAU Campus.

A two day excursion to the Druid Circle at Penmaenmawr in Eryri (Snowdonia). Arriving  on the Thursday afternoon, the group will walk to the Druid Circle. This is the place where Rudolf Steiner is reputed to have envisioned the role of agriculture as being central to the spiritual accommodation will be at the Trigonos in Nantlle, a Ruskin Mill Centre. On the morning of day 2 the group will return to the Druid Circle, assenting by a different route for a second experience of the site. The group will then visit the museum at Penmaenmawr.

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Cost per person: £200.

Departure: 4 September at 10:30 from RAU Campus.